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BIO 120 Chapter 2
Flash Cards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Element- | matter that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions, has mass, and occupies space |
| Proton- | located in the core of an atom, positive charge, weighs 1 amu |
| Electron- | located outside the nucleus of an atom, negative charge, weighs about 0 amu |
| Neutron- | located in core of an atom, no charge, weighs 1 amu |
| Atom- | smallest unit of an element |
| Subatomic particles- | what atoms are made of |
| Isotope- | the number of protons are not equal to the number of neutrons in an atom |
| Valence electrons- | electrons on the outermost shell of an atom |
| Cation- | positively charged atom |
| Anion- | negatively charged atom |
| Ionic Bond- | bond between two atoms where there is a transfer of electrons, very strong |
| Covalent Bond- | bond between atoms where they share electrons, very strong |
| Polar Covalent Bond- | bond between atoms where the electrons are not shared equally, causing partial charges on the molecule |
| Hydrogen Bond- | weak, short-lived interactions between partially charged parts of molecules |
| Van Der Walls Interactions- | interactions between non-polar covalent molecules, weak and short-lived |
| Chemical reactions- | the making and breaking of chemical bonds |