Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Fungi/protozoa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Molds are also known as ____. They live in colonies formed from ____. They produce ___. | Mycelia. They are colonies of intertwining branching hyphae. They produce spores. |
| Conidia are also known as | asexual spores |
| Name the 4 fungi that are known for producing systemic disease. | Think "Cowboy Fungus": He has spore bullets and Cocks his gun, then blasts, and hits lung, skin, meninges, liver. (Coccidio, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, paracoccidio) |
| Macrophage filled with ____, Broad-based budding ____, Spherule filled with endospores ____, Budding yeast with "captin's wheel formation' | 1) Histoplasmosis, 2) Blastomycosis, 3)Coccidiomycosis, 4) Paracoccidiomycosis |
| Locations of Histo, blasto, coccidio, paracoccidio | Histo = West of Mississippi, Ohio river valley, Blasto= East of Miss and Southeastern US, Coccidio= Southwester US, San Joaquin Valley/desert, paraccidio = Rurual Latin America |
| Histo: Image | "spleunking, cleaning chicken droppings"; found in bird/bat droppings |
| Blasto: Image | "Landscaper"; soil/rotting wood |
| Coccidio:Image | Immigrant |
| All fungi, like humans and ___ have ____. The particular one found in fungus is ____. | mycoplasma, sterols, ergosterol |
| Symptoms possible for systemic disease of fungus: | Pneumonia, meningitis, Liver, bone (granulomatous), skin |
| Systemic fungal diseases are similar to TB: (4) and are unlike TB in that (1) | Similar: Inhaled (primary infection is in lungs), X-ray infiltrates may have granuloma with calcifications and can be cavitary, can disseminate, produce type IV; Not spread person-person |
| Blastomycoses is different than other sytsemic fungi in that | It's the hardest to get and hardest to have; will have inflammatory lung disease |
| Blasto if disseminated goes to ___ | Skin and bone: Warty lesions/crusted verrucous lesions |
| Coccidio if disseminated goes to ___ | CNS/Bone (meningitis) |
| Histo, if disseminated | Liver, spleen, bone marrow, skin |
| Paracoccidio is famous for | Painful destructive ulcers in mouth mucosa |
| Desribe life pattern of systemic fungi | Dimorphic; in soil= they are spores, in body they are yeast |
| Unlike others, ___ is a spherule in tissue | Coccidio |
| Treatment for Systemic fungi: local___, Systemic ___- | Local: Fluconazole, ketoconazole, Systemic: Amphotericin B for systemic infection |
| To culture systemic fungi, use | Sabouraud |
| Tinea versicolor is caused by ____, and is found ____ | Malassezie furfur, found in hot, humid weather |
| Tinea versicolor causes, and can be found with a Wood's lamp that reveals. To look at the organisms, use ____. It will reveal ___. | hypopigmented/hyperpigmented patches on skin (trunk, shoulder, neck). Wood lamp reveals pale-yellow to blue-white fluorescence. Use KOH which will reveal "Spaghetti and meatball" appearence |
| Treat Tinea versicolor with ___ or ____ | Miconazole, selenium sulfide |
| Tinea pedis, cruris, corporis, capitis are caused by ____. They Dimorphic/non-dimorphic, and look like ___ with ___ preparation. | Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophytum. They are not dimorphic and have mold hyphae on KOH presentation. |
| Name the opportunistic fungal infections | Think: "Cancer, Aids, CheMo, Recycled organs" for Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Mucor or Rhizopus. |
| Candida: Infections in healthy: | 1)Yeast infections, 2)diaper rash, 3) thrush. immunocompromised (nenonates, steroids, diabetes, aids): esophagitis, disseminated, endocarditis |
| Treat candida with | Nystatin (superficial), Amphotericin (serious systemic) |
| Pseudohyphae + budding yeasts at 20, Germ tubes at 37 | Candida |
| 45 angle branching septate hyphae, rare fruiting bodies. Dimrophic/non-dimorphic | Asperigillis, not dimorphic |
| Aspergillus produce a toxin ___ that affects this organ ___ | aflatoxin, affects the liver |
| Aspergillus produces three diseases | Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (type I, type IV hypersensitivity reaction), lung cavity aspergilloma (fungus ball), Invasive aspergillosis (in people with TB), |
| narrow based unequal budding with capsular halo. | Cryptococcus |
| Cryptococcus produces | meningitis, cryptococcosis |
| Cryptococcus is found ___, Aspergillis is found___- | Crypto: pigeon droppings, Aspergillis = rotting wood |
| Stains with india ink | Crypto |
| Soap bubble leasions in brain | Cryptococcus |
| Irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles (> 90 degrees) | Mucormycosis |
| Mucormycosis is mostly found in what populations | Diabetics/leukemia patients. |
| Pathophysiology of mucor | proliferate in walls of blood vessels and cause infarction/necrosis of tissue |
| Black nasal discharge/ulceration/3rd nerve palsy | Mucor/rhizopus |
| "cup/helmet shaped cells" | Pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP) |
| PCP causes | Diffuse interstitial pneumonia |
| Methenamine silver stain of lung tissue | PCP |
| Treatment for PCP | TMP-SMX, pentamidine, dapsone |
| PCP patient presents | Low ABGs out of proportion to clinical scenario |
| "Rose Gardener's disease" | Sporothrix schenckii |
| Sporothrix schenckii: dimorphic/non-dimorphic. It causes ___ | dimorphic. causes local pustule/ulcer with nodules along draining lymphatics, little systemic illness. |
| Treatment for Sporothrix schenckii | itraconazole, potassioum iodide |
| Cigar-shaped budding yeast | Sporothrix schenckii |
| Mucormycosis is mostly found in what populations | Diabetics/leukemia patients. |
| Pathophysiology of mucor | proliferate in walls of blood vessels and cause infarction/necrosis of tissue |
| Black nasal discharge/ulceration/3rd nerve palsy | Mucor/rhizopus |
| "cup/helmet shaped cells" | Pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP) |
| PCP causes | Diffuse interstitial pneumonia |
| Methenamine silver stain of lung tissue | PCP |
| Treatment for PCP | TMP-SMX, pentamidine, dapsone |
| PCP patient presents | Low ABGs out of proportion to clinical scenario |
| "Rose Gardener's disease" | Sporothrix schenckii |
| Sporothrix schenckii: dimorphic/non-dimorphic. It causes ___ | dimorphic. causes local pustule/ulcer with nodules along draining lymphatics, little systemic illness. |
| Treatment for Sporothrix schenckii | itraconazole, potassioum iodide |
| Cigar-shaped budding yeast | Sporothrix schenckii |
Created by:
ddecampo
Popular USMLE sets