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Enzymes
Science
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What type of organic compounds are enzymes? | Proteins. |
Most enzyme names end in ______________. | Ase. |
What are enzymes also referred to as because they speed up chemical reactions? | Catalysts. |
True or False: Enzymes are destroyed after being used once. | False, they can be reused over and over again. |
What is the main function of enzymes? | To speed up chemical reactions. |
______________ is the substance that the enzyme acts upon. (Ex: lipids, carbohydrates, proteins) | Substrate. |
What is the enzyme for lipids? | Lipase. |
Where are enzymes located in chemical formulas? | Above the arrow. |
This shows how each enzyme is designed specifically fit one type of substrate. | Enzyme substrate complex. (Lock and key model) |
Area on the enzyme where the reaction takes place and the substrate fits into the enzyme. | Active site. |
The enzymes ability to work on a substrate depends on its ___________ and __________. | Shape and size. |
Does the enzyme change after the chemical reaction? | No, it remains the same. |
Another term for substrate forming with the enzyme is __________ ____________. | Temporary union. |
True or False: Each chemical reaction has its own enzyme. | True. |
Co enzyme. | They help the enzymes speed up chemical reactions. |
True or False: Co-enzymes are organic proteins. | False, they aren't proteins or organic. |
Example of a co-enzyme. | Vitamins. |
True or False: As conditions within a cell change so does the rate a which the enzyme works. | True. |
What factors affect the rate of an enzyme reaction? | Temperature, pH, amount/concentration of the enzyme and substrate. |
As you increase the temperature, enzyme action _____________. | Increases. |
As you decrease the temperature, enzyme action _______________. | Decreases. |
Extremely high temperatures will result in a _______________ or change in the shape of the enzyme molecule. This will cause the enzyme to be unable to ____________ as a catalyst for the substrate. The high temperature results in ___________________. | Distortion, function, denaturation. |
The temperature at which the enzyme functions most efficiently . | Optimum temperature. |
What shape is the graph of rate of reaction? | Negative parabola. |
A high concentration of enzymes and a low concentration of substrates __________ the rate of enzyme action and then ________ __________. | Increases, levels off. |
A high concentration of substrates and a low concentration of enzymes __________ the rate of enzyme action and then _______ ________. | Increases, levels off. |
True or False: All enzymes have the same pH range. | False, each enzyme has its own pH range. |
0-6 on the pH scale is ____________. | Acidic. |
7 on the pH scale is _________. | Neutral. |
8-14 on the pH scale is __________. | Basic. |
The pH level on which the enzymes work the fastest. | Optimum pH. |