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replication beings at the origin of replication
Y shaped region where parental strands of DNA are being unwound replication fork
enzymes that untwist double helix of DNA helicases
bind to unpaired DNA strands, keeping them from repairing single strand binding proteins
relieves stress of winding and keeps DNA straightened out topoisomerase
Role of DNA primase adds RNA primer to parental strand
Role of RNA polymerase adds nucleotides to preexisting chain 5 to 3
leading strand continuous adding of nucleotides by DNA polymerase
lagging strand nucleotides added in okazaki fragments
mismatch repair enzymes remove incorrectly paired nucleotides
nuclease DNA cutting enzyme that removes incorrectly paired nucleotides
DNA ligase joins together DNA strands
telomeres repetition of one short nucleotide sequence. code for nothing
oncogene genes that encode for proteins that lead to cell growth
tumor suppressor genes which encode for proteins that halts cell growth
law of segregation two alleles for the same heritable trait separate from each other during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.
homozygous has a pair of identical alleles for a trait
heterozygous has a pair of 2 different alleles for a trait
monohybrid heterozygous for a trait used in a cross (Yy)
dihybrid heterozygous for two traits used in a cross (YyRr)
law of independent assortment each pair of alleles segregates independently of the other allele pairs
complete dominance dominant trait masks presence of other trait
incomplete dominace neither gene is completely dominant. offspring have a mix of the two traits
codominance both alleles are present
Created by: Basically_Jess
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