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Coll Bio
Question | Answer |
---|---|
replication beings at | the origin of replication |
Y shaped region where parental strands of DNA are being unwound | replication fork |
enzymes that untwist double helix of DNA | helicases |
bind to unpaired DNA strands, keeping them from repairing | single strand binding proteins |
relieves stress of winding and keeps DNA straightened out | topoisomerase |
Role of DNA primase | adds RNA primer to parental strand |
Role of RNA polymerase | adds nucleotides to preexisting chain 5 to 3 |
leading strand | continuous adding of nucleotides by DNA polymerase |
lagging strand | nucleotides added in okazaki fragments |
mismatch repair | enzymes remove incorrectly paired nucleotides |
nuclease | DNA cutting enzyme that removes incorrectly paired nucleotides |
DNA ligase | joins together DNA strands |
telomeres | repetition of one short nucleotide sequence. code for nothing |
oncogene | genes that encode for proteins that lead to cell growth |
tumor suppressor | genes which encode for proteins that halts cell growth |
law of segregation | two alleles for the same heritable trait separate from each other during gamete formation and end up in different gametes. |
homozygous | has a pair of identical alleles for a trait |
heterozygous | has a pair of 2 different alleles for a trait |
monohybrid | heterozygous for a trait used in a cross (Yy) |
dihybrid | heterozygous for two traits used in a cross (YyRr) |
law of independent assortment | each pair of alleles segregates independently of the other allele pairs |
complete dominance | dominant trait masks presence of other trait |
incomplete dominace | neither gene is completely dominant. offspring have a mix of the two traits |
codominance | both alleles are present |