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Biology Chapter 8

QuestionAnswer
Chromosome In a eukaryotic cell, onw of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA.
Histone A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells.
Chromatid One of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis.
Centromere The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis.
Chromatin The material that makes up both mitotic and interphase chromosomes; a complex of proteins and DNA strands that are loosely coiled such that translation and transcription can occur.
Sex Chromosome One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.
Autosome Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Homologous Chromosome Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis.
Karyotype A micrograph of the array of chromosomes visible in a cell during metaphase; a graphical display that shows an individual's chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size.
Diploid A cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes.
Haploid Describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes.
Created by: DragonT20
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