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Bio Terms 8.1

TermDefinition
Chromosome In a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; In a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA
Histone -A type of protein molecules found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic.
Chromatid -One of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis.
Centromere -The reason of the chromosome that holds the sister chromatids together during mitosis.
Chromatin -The material that makes up both mitotic and interphase chromosomes; a complex of proteins and DNA strands that are loosely coiled such that translation and transcription can occur.
Sex chromosome -One pair of the chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.
Autosome -Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Homologous Chromosomes -Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis.
Karyotype -A micrograph of the array of chromosomes visible in a cell during metaphase; a graphical display that shows an individual chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size.
Diploid -A cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes.
Haploid -Describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes.
Created by: AdamsD20
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