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Terms 5.2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| active transport | the movement of chemical substances, usually across the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient; requires the cell to use energy |
| sodium-potassium pump | a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell |
| endocytosis | the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
| vesicle | a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell; forms when part of the cell membrane surrounds the material to be taken into the cell or transported within the cell |
| pinocytosis | a method of active transport across the cell membrane in which the cell takes on extracellular fluid |
| phagocytosis | the process by which the cell engulfs large particles or whole cells, either as a defense mechanism or as a means to get food |
| phagocyte | a cell that ingests and destroys foreign matter or microorganisms |
| exocytosis | a process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the surface of the cell and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out |
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