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Ch. 15
The Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three functions of the nervous system? | receive information, respond to that information, maintain homeostasis |
| Stimulus | any change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react |
| Response | is what your body does in reaction to a stimulus |
| Neurons | cells that carry information through your nervous system |
| Nerve impulse | the message that a neuron carries |
| Dendrites | carry impulses toward the neuron's cell body |
| Axon | carries impulses away from the cell body |
| Nerve | a bundle of nerve fibers |
| What are the three kinds of neurons? | sensory, inter, and motor neurons |
| Sensory neuron | picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse |
| Interneuron | carries nerve impulses from one neuron to another |
| Motor neuron | sends an impulse toa muscle orgland and they react in response |
| Synapse | the junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another structure |
| What does the central nervous system consist of? | the brain and spinal cord |
| What does the peripheral nervous system consist of? | it includes all of the nerves located outside of the central nervoussystem |
| Spinal cord | the thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nervous system |
| What are the three main regions of the brain? | cerebrum,cerebellum, brainstem |
| Cerebrum | interprets input from the senses, controls movment,deals with learning and remembering |
| Cerebellum | coordinates muscle action and balance |
| Brain stem | controls your body's involuntary actions like breathing and heartbeat |
| How many nerves make up the peripheral nervous system? | 43 pairs |
| Reflex | an automatic response that occurs very rapidly and without conscious control. they help protect the body |
| What are the taste sensations? | sweet, sour, salty, bitter, meatlike (umami) |
| Drug abuse | the deliberate misuse of drugs for purposes other than medication |
| Tolerance | a state in which a drug user needs larger and larger amounts of the drug to produce the same effect on the body |
| Addiction | a condition in which the body becomes physically dependent on a drug |
| Withdrawal | a period of adjustment that occurs when a person stops taking a drug on which the body is dependent |
Created by:
Kusutasd
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