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Biology Chapter 5-2
Term | Definition |
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active transport | the movement of chemical substances usually across the cell membrane , against a concentration gradient; requires cells to use energy |
sodium-potassium pump | a carrier of protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell |
endocytosis | the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
vesicle | a small cavity or sac that contains materials in eukaryotic cell; forms when part of the cell membrane surrounds the materials to be taken into the cell or transported within the cell |
Pinocytosis | a method of active transport across the cell membrane in which the cell takes in extracellular fluids |
phagocytosis | the process by which a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells, either as a defense mechanisms or as a means to obtain food |
phagocyte | a cell that ingest and destroys (digests) foreign matter or microorganisms |
exocytosis | the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out |