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Passive Transport

5.1 Terms

TermDefinition
passive transport the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell
diffusion the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density
concentration gradient a difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance
equilibrium in physics, the state in which opposing forces balance each other
osmosis the diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution (of a solute) to a more concentrated solution (of the solute) through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent
hypotonic describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell
hypertonic describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell
isotonic a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell
contractile vacuole in protozoans, an organelle that accumulates water and then releases it periodically to maintain osmotic pressure
turgor pressure the pressure that is exerted on the inside of cell walls and that is caused by the movement of water into the cell
plasmolysis the contraction or shrinking of the cell membrane of a plant cell in a hypertonic solution in response to the loss of water by osmosis
cytolysis the bursting of a cell
facilitated diffusion the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins
carrier protein a protein that transports substances across a cell membrane
ion channel a pore in a cell membrane through which ions can pass
Created by: mitschj20
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