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Bio 120 Exam 3
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Chapter 12- Cell Cycle | ... |
Somatic Cell | Non-Sex cell. |
How many Chromosomes are in a Human Somatic Cell? | 46 |
Genome | All the DNA containing the information to produce and maintain an organism. |
Chromosomes | One DNA molecule and associated protein molecules. |
Gene | A discrete unit of heredity information consisting of specific nucleotide sequences. |
Trait | Characteristic Ex. Eye Color |
Allele | Variation of a gene Ex. Brown, Blue, green, hazel... |
Cell Cycle has 2 phases. | Interphase and Mitotic Phase |
Mitotic Phase | Mitosis (Division of genetic materia)l & Cytokinesis (Division of cytoplasm) |
Mitosis | Division of genetic material |
Cytokinesis | Division of cytoplasm |
Note for Cell cycle | During all phases of interphase growth of the cell and replicate of organelles. ONLY during the S-synthesis phase does DNA replicate. |
Diploid cells | Cells that have pairs of Chromosomes. |
Homologous Chromosomes | Are the same length, have their centromere at the same position, and code for the same traits. |
How many pairs of (Homologous) chromosomes are in a human somatic cell? | 23 |
Note for DNA Replication | When DNA replicates a single double-stranded chromosome becomes a single chromosome composed of two double stranded sister Chromatids. |
What is the purpose of Mitosis? | 1. To reproduce (Asexually) 2. For growth of an organism 3. To repair/Replace damaged cells/tissues |