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Feedback Mechanisms
From the Review Book
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Homeostasis | A stable internal environment. “Balance” |
Deviations | Changes in the environment. |
Stimulus (Stimuli) | A change in the environment that causes a response. |
Response | A reaction to the stimulus. |
Dynamic Equilibrium | The condition that results from the constant small corrections that keep a balance. |
Feedback Mechanism | A cycle in which the output of the system feeds back to either modify or reinforce the action of the system. |
Positive Feedback | A change that leads to a greater change and a greater response. Ex: Childbirth, Blood Clotting |
Negative Feedback | A change in the environment that causes another change that will attempt to restore homeostasis. |
Sensors | Structure(s) that detect changes in the internal or external environment. |
Endocrine Gland | A structure in the human body that makes hormones and secretes them directly into the blood. |
Hormone | A chemical message sent in the bloodstream from endocrine glands. |
Target Cell | A cell with the matching receptor to the hormone. |
Regulation (Regulate) | All the activities that help to maintain homeostasis. |
Inhibit | To Stop or slow down. |
Stimulate | To Trigger, provoke. |
Secrete | To make and release (glands secrete hormones into the blood) |
Pancreas | A gland that secretes insulin. |
Insulin | A hormone that lowers blood sugar levels. |
Guard Cells | Specialized cells that surround pores on the surface of the leaf and change size to reduce evaporation. Regulate CO2 and water vapor on hot days. |
Pituitary Gland | Located in the brain. “Master Gland” Controls all other glands in the body. Secretes HGH. |
Testes | Male gonads. It makes sperm and the hormone testosterone. Testosterone controls male reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. |
Ovaries | Female gonads. They make eggs and the hormones estrogen and progesterone which regulate the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. |