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EBR EMS
EBR EMS Chapter 10 Definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| corticoids | hormones secreted by the three cell layers of the adrenal cotrex |
| cretinism | dwarfism caused by hyposecretion of the thyroid gland |
| Cushing's syndrome | condition caused by the hypersecretion |
| diabetes insipidus | condition resulting from hyposecretion of ADH in which large volumes of urine are formed and, if left untreated may cause serious health problems |
| diabetes mellitus | a condition resulting when the pancreatic islets secrete too little insulin, resulting in increased levels of blood glucose |
| gigantism | a condition produced by hypersecretion of growth hormone during the early years of life; results in a child who grows to gigantic size |
| glucocorticoids | hormones that influence food metabolism; secreted by the adrenal cortex |
| gluconeogenisis | formulation of glucose or glycogen from protein or fat compounds |
| glycogenolysis | formation of glycogen from glucose or from other monosaccharides, fructose, or galactose |
| glycosuria | glucose in the urine, a sign of diabetes mellitus |
| goiter | enlargement of the thyroid gland |
| hormone | substance secreted by an endocrine gland |
| hypercalcemia | a condition in which there is harmful excess of calcium in the blood |
| hyperglycemia | higher than normal blood glucose concentration |
| hypoglycemia | lower-than-normal blood glucose concentration |
| luteinization | the formation of a golden body (corpus lutenum) in the ruptured follicle |
| mineralocorticoids | hormone that influences mineral salt metabolsim; secreted by adrenal cortex; aldosterone is the chief mineralocorticoid |
| myxedema | condition caused by deficency of thyroid hormone in adults |
| negative feedback | homeostatic control system in which information feeding back to the control center causes the level of a variable to be changed in the direction opposite to that of the initial stimulus |
| nonsteroid hormone | general type of hormone that does have the lipid steroid structure but is instead a protein or protein derivative; also sometimes called protein hormone |
| prostaglandins | a group of naturally occuring fatty acids that affect many body functions |
| second messanger | chemical that provides communication within a hormone's target cell |
| steroid hormone | lipid-soluble hormones that pass intact through the cell membrane of the target cell and influence cell activity by acting on specific genes |
| stress | extreme stimuli act on the body which produces an internal state called stress |
| target cell | cell acted on by a particular hormone and responding to it |
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