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LoE - Ecosystems
Life on Earth - Topic 1 - Definitions & Food chains/webs/pyramids
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define biodiversity. | The variety and abundance of living things |
| Define habitat. | The place where an organism lives |
| Define niche. | The role an organism plays in its community |
| Define ecosystem. | The living and non-living parts of the environment |
| Define population. | The total number of one species living in an area |
| Define community. | All the animals and plants living together |
| Define biome. | A large ecosystem distinguished by its flora, fauna and climate |
| Define producer. | An organism that can make its own food |
| Define consumer. | An organism that eats another organism for energy |
| Define herbivore. | An organism that eats only plants |
| Define carnivore. | An organism that eats only animals (meat) |
| Define omnivore. | An organism that eats both plants and animals |
| Define interspecific competition. | Competition between organisms of different species for similar resources |
| Define intraspecific competition. | Competition between organisms of the same species for the same resources |
| Define indicator species. | A species whose presence or absence indicates the level of pollution in the environment. |
| What type of organism is always at the start of a food chain? | Producer |
| What type of consumer eats the producer? | Primary consumer |
| What type of consumer eats the primary consumer? | Secondary consumer |
| What type of consumer eats the secondary consumer? | Tertiary consumer |
| What do the arrows in a food chain represent? | The direction of energy flow |
| What percentage of energy is passed on at each stage of the food chain? | 10% |
| What percentage of energy is lost at each stage of the food chain? | 90% |
| Name 3 ways energy can be lost in a food chain. | heat, movement, undigested material |
| Describe a 'pyramid of biomass'. | A diagram that shows the total mass of organisms at each stage of the food chain. |
| Describe a 'pyramid of energy'. | A diagram that shows the total energy received by organisms at each stage of the food chain. |
| Describe a 'pyramid of numbers'. | A diagram that shows the total number of organisms at each stage of the food chain. |
| If a pyramid of numbers is 'skinny' at the bottom, what does the food chain start with? | A tree |
| If a pyramid of numbers is 'big' at the top, what does the food chain end with? | Flea, insect or mite |
Created by:
StNiniansHS
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