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chapter 10

TermDefinition
chromosome threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic info; in eukaryotes, found in the nucleus; in prokaryotes they are found in the cytoplasm
chromatin substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones
cell cycle series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
interphase period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
mitosis part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
cytokinesis division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
prophase genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and duplicated chromosomes become visible
centromere region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
chromatid one of the two identical "sisters" parts of a duplicated chromosome
centriole structure in an animal cell that helps organize cell divison
metaphase chromosomes line up at the center of the cell
anaphase chromosomes move toward opposite poles
telophase chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
embryo developing stage of a molecular organism
differentiation process in which cells become specialized in structure and function
totipotent cells that are able to develop into any type cell found in the body
blastocyst stage of early development in mammals that consists of a hollow ball of cells
pluripotent cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body's cell types
stem cell unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells
multipotent cell with limited potential to develop into many types of differentiated cells
cell division process by which cells divide into new daughter cells
asexual reproduction process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
sexual reproduction type of reproduction in which cells from two parents must unite to form the first cell of a new organism
cyclin one of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
growth factor one of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells
apoptis process of programmed cell death
cancer disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth
tumor mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissues
Created by: Sharion Davis
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