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Macromolecules
Biology I-5
Term | Definition |
---|---|
macromolecule | large biomolecules and polymers |
monomer | single subunit of a macromolecule |
polymer | chain of subunits; a macromolecule |
carbohydrate | one or more monosaccharides (sugars) |
glucose | 6 carbon sugar made from photosynthesis; also common animal blood sugar |
lipid | fats, oils, waxes |
protein | one or more chains of amino acids that control biochemical reactions and make up most animal structures |
amino acid | monomer (subunit) of proteins |
nucleotide | phosphate, 5-carbon sugar and base; monomer of nucleic acids |
nucleic acid | chains of nucleotides like DNA and RNA |
nitrogen base | the segment of a nucleotide that changes from G, C, A, T in DNA or G,C, A, U in RNAL |
gene | section of DNA that codes for a protein product |
enzyme | a reuseable protein that speeds up a specific biochemical reaction by binding substrate(s) at an active site |