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BioOrganic Compounds

Macromolecules

TermDefinition
monomer micromolecule or building blocks of a larger molecule
polymer large compound formed from combinations of many monomers
carbohydrate compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
monosaccharide single sugar molecule
polysaccharide large macromolecule formed from monosaccharides
lipid macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
nucleic acid macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
nucleotide monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
ribonucleic acid (RNA) single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
protein macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes
amino acid compound with an amino group (--NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (--COOH) on the other end
enzyme protein that acts as a biological catalysts
catalyst substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
reactant element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction
product element or compound produced by a chemical reaction
macromolecule large molecules formed from thousands of smaller molecules; are formed from the process of polymerization
Created by: tferris5
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