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Biology Ch. 3.1
Term | Definition |
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organic compound | a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides |
functional group | the portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds |
monomer | a simple molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make a polymer |
polymer | a large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers, or small units |
macromolecule | a very large organic molecule, usually a polymer, composed of hundreds or thousands of atoms |
condensation reaction | a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to produce water or another simple molecule |
hydrolysis | a chemical reaction between water and another substance to form two or more new substances; a reaction between water and a salt to create an acid or base |
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | an organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes; composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups |