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Science Cell Theory

QuestionAnswer
Scientist who identified cells Robert Hooke
Scientist who discovered nucleus and protoplasm Robert Brown
Plants are made up of cells Matthias schleiden
Animals are made up of cells Theodore schwann
Cells divide to form new cells Rudolf virchow
Major cell parts Cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane
are made up of protein scattered through a double layer of lipid Cell mambrane
Cell coats in animal cells formed by carbon bonded Protein(glycoprotein) and lipid (glycolipid)
Help cells respond to the environment Cell membrane
Regulates movements of materials in and out of the cell Cell membrane
Channel, carrier, recognition, receptors, and enzymatic Cell membrane
Non living part of plant cell Cell wall
Made of cellulose fibrils, pectin and lignin Cell wall
Soft plant is made up of Middle lamella and primary walls
In harder plants, it is made up of Middle lamella, primary walls and secondary walls
Provides cell protection and shape maintenance Cell wall
Allows a particular molecular cross the cell membrane freely as it enters/exits the cell Channel protein
Example of channel protein that is inherited disorder caused by a faulty chloride channel. Cystic fibrosis
Selectively interacts with a specific molecule so that the can cross the cell membrane Carrier protein
Transport sodium ions and and potassium ions that requires ATP energy. Carrier protein
Inability to use Na- K transport has been the cause of... Obesity
Identifies the cell Cell recognition protein
The MHC (Major Histocompatibility complex) glycoprotein are different from each person so organ transplant is hard to achieve Cell recognition protein
Shaped to make a specific molecule bind to it Receptor protein
Pygmies are short because they do not have enough Receptor protein
Catalyzes a specific reaction Enzymatic protein
Example of enzymatic protein involved in ATP metabolism Adenylate cyclase
The brain of the cell Nucleus
Controls all cellular activities Nucleus
Chromosomes made up of RNA and DNA; for genetic info Chromatin Material
Made of proteins, enzymes for RNA synthesis Nucleolus
Thick, protein rich protoplasm in the nucleus Nucleoplasm
Thin double layered, encloses the nucleus to permit materials to pass in and out Nuclear membrane
Maintains nuclear environment different from the rest of the cell Nuclear membrane
Fluid protection of the cell that hold various organelles Cytoplasm
Transport system of the cell Endoplasmic reticulum
Type of ER that has ribosomes for protein production and transport Rough ER
Type of ER that contains many enzymes necessary for cell metabolism Smooth ER
Series of closely stalked, flattened sacs Golgi Apparatus
Pack substances in vesicles that are secreted from the cell Golgi Apparatus
Site for protein synthesis Ribosomes
Largest organelle Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell Mitochondria
Contains enzymes for digestion of food, injured dead cells Lysosomes
Helpful in destroying bacteria Lysosomes
Used for food, water, waste storage Vacuole
Animal cells storage Vesicles
Storage of unicellular organisms Contractile vacuole
Contains food materials Plastids
White colorless plastids common in seeds which stores oil, protein and starch Leucoplast
Contains different pigmentations (plastids) Chromoplast
With chlorophyll; plays important role in photosynthesis (plastids) Chloroplast
Filamentous proteins that anchor organelles Cytoskeleton
Thin fibers in cytoplasm - involve in the shape change (cytoskeleton) Microfilaments
Thin hollow cylinders that maintain the shape and channel movements of substances in cells Microtubules ( cytoskeleton)
Cell division; 9+0 pattern; involved in cell reproduction Centrioles
Has 9+2 pattern of microtubules necessary for cell movement Cilia and flagella
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