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Biology Chapter 2.2
Biology Chapter 2.2 Terms and Definitions
Term | Definition |
---|---|
energy | the capacity to do work |
chemical reaction | the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances |
reactant | a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
product | a substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
metabolism | the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism |
activation energy | the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction |
catalyst | a substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or changed significantly |
enzyme | a type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed |
redox reaction | a reaction in which electrons are transferred between atoms, also known as an oxidation-reduction reaction |
oxidation reaction | a chemical reaction in which a reactant loses one or more electrons such that the reactant becomes more positive in charge |
reduction reaction | a chemical change in which electrons are gained, either by the removal of oxygen, the addition of hydrogen, or the addition of electrons |