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Biology Chapter 2.1
Biology Chapter 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space. |
| Mass | A measure of the amount of matter in an object; a fundamental property of an object that is not affected by the forces that act on the object, such as the gravitational force. |
| Element | A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number. |
| Atom | The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element. |
| Nucleus | In physical science, an atoms central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons. |
| Proton | A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom; the number of protons of the nucleus is the atomic number, which determines the identity of an element. |
| Neutron | A subatomic particle that contains a lobed nucleus and many cytoplasmic granules. |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; the atomic number is the same for all atoms of an element. |
| Mass Number | The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Electron | A subatomic particle that has a negative charge. |
| Orbital | A region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons. |
| Isotope | An atom that has the same number of protons (or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a different atomic mass). |
| Compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. |
| Chemical Bond | The attractive force that holds atoms or ions together. |
| Covalent Bond | A bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. |
| Molecule | A group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces; a molecule is the smallest unit of matter that can exist by itself and retain all of a substances chemical properties. |
| Ion | An atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge. |
| Ionic Bond | The attractive force between opposite charged ions, which form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another. |
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DragonT20
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