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2.1 Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything that occupies space and has mass |
mass | the quantity of matter that an object has |
elements | substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter |
atom | the simplest particle of an element that contains all the properties of that element |
nucleus | makes up the mass of the atom and is made up of protons and neutrons |
atomic number | the number of protons in an atom |
mass number | the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
electrons | small negatively charged particles |
orbital | a 3D region around a nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron |
isotopes | atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons |
compounds | made up of atoms of two or more elements in fixed proportions |
chemical bonds | the attractive forces that holds atoms together |
covalent bond | forms when two or more atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
molecule | the simplest part of a substance that retains all the properties of that substance and can exist in a free state |
ion | an atom or molecule with an electric charge |
ionic bond | the attraction of positive and negative charges that bring each other together, just like oppositely charge ions attract each other |
proton | a particle that has a positive charge |
neutron | a particle that has no charge |