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Ostrander chapter 1

Populations and communities

TermDefinition
Organism A living thing
Biotic Factor Living or once living organism
Habitat An environment that provides the things a specific organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce.
Abiotic Factors Nonliving factors of an ecosystem. Examples are: Sun, air, soil, water, temperature.
Species A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring
population All the members of the same species living in a particular area. Example: 50 squirrels
Community All the different populations that live together. Example Robin, Squirrels, spruce trees
Ecosystem The community of organisms living together and includes all of the abiotic factors.
Ecology The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environment.
Birth Rate The number of births per 1,000 individuals for a given time period
Death rate The number of deaths per 1,000 individuals for a given time period.
Immigration Moving Into a population
Emmigration Means moving out or Exiting a population
Population Density The numbers of individuals in an area.
Limiting Factor An environmental factor that causes a population to stop growing.
Examples of limiting factors include Weather conditions, space, food and water.
Carrying capacity The largest population an area can support.
Formula for population density Number of individuals divided by Unit Area
Natural selection Organisms that are best adapted to their environment will most likely survive.
Adaptation The behavior and physical characteristics that allow organisms to live successfully in their environments.
Niche The role of an organism in its habitat. How it gathers food, what it eats, and the physical conditions of the environment it lives in.
Competition The struggle for organisms to survive as they try to use the same limited resources.
Predation An interaction in which one organism kills another for food.
Predator The organism that kills for food.
Prey The organism that is killed and eaten.
Symbiosis Is a relationship in which 2 species live closely together and it least one benefits from the relationship.
Mutualism A relationship in which both species benefit. Example: Bee and a flower.
Commensalism A relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed. Example: A bird nest in a tree.
Parasitism A relationship where one species gains and the other is harmed.
Example of parasitism Tick on a dog.
Parasite The organism that benefits in parasitism. Tick
Host The organism that is harmed in parasitism. The dog.
Created by: bostrander
Popular Ecology sets

 

 



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