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Biology 151 ch.1
Life: chemical,cellular, evolutionary foundations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biology | The science of how life works |
| Biologists | Scientists who study life (me) |
| Observation | The act of viewing the world around us |
| Experimentation | A disciplined and controlled way of asking and answering questions about the world in an unbiased manner |
| Hypotheses | A testable prediction often prompted by a theory, to enable us to accept, reject, or refuse theory |
| Predictions | Specific statements that can be directly and unequivocally tested |
| Scientific Method | A deliberate and careful way of asking questions about the unknown. We make observations, collect field or laboratory samples, and design and carry out experiments to make sense of things we initially do not understand |
| Theory | A hypotheses that has been tested with a significant amount of data |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | States that energy cannot be created nor destroyed. It can only be transformed from one to another. |
| Cell | The simplest entity of life that can exist as a independent unit of life |
| DNA | A double stranded helix made up of nucleotides that is capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins |
| Proteins | Chains of amino acid |
| RNA | |
| Transcription | The organic process by with the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA |
| Translation | The process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA (mRNA) directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm |
| Central Dogma of Molecular Biology | DNA -> RNA -> Protein |
| Gene | A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA in some viruses)with hereditary information |
| Mutations | A change in the nucleotide sequence leading to genetic diversity |
| Plasma Membrane | |
| Nucleus | Controls the center of the cell containing protons and neutrons |
| Cytoplasm | An inner layer of the prokaryotic cells that is rich is protein with gel-like consistency; |
| Prokaryotes | Cells that do not enclose DNA in nuclei |
| Eukaryotes | Cells that contain nuclei |
| Bacteria | |
| Archaea | |
| Eukarya | |
| Metabolism | |
| Evolution | A change in species overtime |
| Natural Selection | A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits |
| Environmental variation | The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of organisms that exist because those individuals developed in different environments. |
| Genetic Variation | |
| Tree of Life | A diagram depicting the genealogical relationships of all living organisms on Earth, with a single ancestral species at the base. |
| Ecology | the study of how organisms interact with one another and with their physical environment in nature |
Created by:
vivian.coronado
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