An organism that can trap an inorganic carbon source such as carbon dioxide, using energy from light or from chemicals.

An organism that needs a supply of organic molecules as it's carbon source.

The splitting (lysis) of glucose.

Decarboxylation and dehydrogenation of pyruvate, resulting in the formation of acetyl coenzyme A, linking glycolysis with the Krebs cycle.

A cycle of reactions in aerobic respiration in the matrix of a mitochondrion in which hydrogens pass to hydrogen carriers for subsequent ATP synthesis and some ATP is synthesised directly.

Enzyme catalysing the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.

Synthesis of ATP using energy stored as a difference in hydrogen ion concentration across a membrane in a chloroplast or mitochondrion.

Transfer of a phosphate group to an organic compound.

Enzymatic release of energy from organic compounds in living cells.

Respiratoryquotient-RQ

The ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide given out in respiration to that of oxygen used .

Oxidative phosphorylation

Synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi using energy from oxidation reactions in aerobic respiration.

Electron transport chain

Chain of adjacently arranged carrier molecules in the inner mitochondrial membrane, along which electrons pass by redo reactions.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.

Folds in the inner membrane of the mitochondrial envelope on which are found stalked particles of ATP synthase and electron transport chains associated with aerobic respiration.

Alcoholic fermentation

Anaerobic respiration in which glucose is converted to ethanol.

Lactic acid. The end product of lactic fermentation, often produced by muscles during exercise.

Respiration in which, in the absence of oxygen,glucose is converted to lactic acid (lactate).

Volume of oxygen that is required at the end of exercise to metabolise the lactate that accumulates as a result of anaerobic respiration in muscles.

Apparatus in which the energy value of a compound can be measured by burning it in oxygen.

Plant tissue containing air spaces.

Basic plant tissue typically used as packing tissue between more specialised structures; it is metabolically active and may have a variety of functions such as food storage, support and transport via symplast and apoplast pathways.

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Energy and respirati

Term	Definition
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
Autotrophs	An organism that can trap an inorganic carbon source such as carbon dioxide, using energy from light or from chemicals.
Heterotrophs	An organism that needs a supply of organic molecules as it's carbon source.
Glycolysis	The splitting (lysis) of glucose.
Link reaction	Decarboxylation and dehydrogenation of pyruvate, resulting in the formation of acetyl coenzyme A, linking glycolysis with the Krebs cycle.
Krebs cycle	A cycle of reactions in aerobic respiration in the matrix of a mitochondrion in which hydrogens pass to hydrogen carriers for subsequent ATP synthesis and some ATP is synthesised directly.
ATP synthase	Enzyme catalysing the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
Chemiosmosis	Synthesis of ATP using energy stored as a difference in hydrogen ion concentration across a membrane in a chloroplast or mitochondrion.
Phosphorylation	Transfer of a phosphate group to an organic compound.
Respiration	Enzymatic release of energy from organic compounds in living cells.
Respiratoryquotient-RQ	The ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide given out in respiration to that of oxygen used .
Oxidative phosphorylation	Synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi using energy from oxidation reactions in aerobic respiration.
Electron transport chain	Chain of adjacently arranged carrier molecules in the inner mitochondrial membrane, along which electrons pass by redo reactions.
FAD	Flavin adenine dinucleotide.
NAD	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
Cristae	Folds in the inner membrane of the mitochondrial envelope on which are found stalked particles of ATP synthase and electron transport chains associated with aerobic respiration.
Alcoholic fermentation	Anaerobic respiration in which glucose is converted to ethanol.
Lactate	Lactic acid. The end product of lactic fermentation, often produced by muscles during exercise.
Lactic fermentation	Respiration in which, in the absence of oxygen,glucose is converted to lactic acid (lactate).
Oxygen debt	Volume of oxygen that is required at the end of exercise to metabolise the lactate that accumulates as a result of anaerobic respiration in muscles.
Calorimeter	Apparatus in which the energy value of a compound can be measured by burning it in oxygen.
Aerenchyma	Plant tissue containing air spaces.
Parenchyma	Basic plant tissue typically used as packing tissue between more specialised structures; it is metabolically active and may have a variety of functions such as food storage, support and transport via symplast and apoplast pathways.

Created by: tbaduge

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