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Summer School Vocab
Organ Systems/DNA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Integumentary System | organ system that forms a protective covering on the outside of the body |
| Muscular System | organ system whose primary function is movement and flexibility |
| Skeletal System | organ system whose primary function is to support and protect the body and to allow the body to move |
| Cardiovascular System | organs that transport blood throughout the body |
| Respiratory System | collection of organs whose primary function is to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide |
| Urinary System | removes waste from the blood and regulates your body’s fluids |
| Reproductive System | produces and delivers sperm or produces eggs and nourishes and protects the fetus |
| Nervous System | receives and sends electrical messages throughout your body |
| Digestive System | breaks down the food you eat into nutrients that your body can absorb |
| Lymphatic System | returns leaked fluids to blood vessels and helps get rid of bacteria and viruses |
| Endocrine System | produces hormones, which are needed for proper body function and growth |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic Acid, it contains the code for life |
| Chromosomes | Small thread like structures found in the nucleus that contains that DNA |
| Double Helix | The shape of a DNA strand, looks like a spiral latter |
| Adenine | One of the 4 bases of DNA, its symbol is A |
| Thymine | One of the 4 bases of DNA, its symbol is T |
| Guanine | One of the 4 bases of DNA, its symbol is G |
| Cytosine | One of the 4 bases of DNA, its symbol is C |
| Daughter Cells | After DNA is copies, these are the names of the new cells created |
| Traits | A characteristic about a person, these are determined by your DNA |
| Plant Cell | Cells that make up plants |
| Animal Cell | Cells that make up animals |
| Cell Wall | Protects and Supports the cell membrane |
| Nucleus | Responsible for storing genetic information and aids in in creating ribosomes |
| Vacuole | Responsible for storage and breakdown of waste |
| Lysosome | Responsible for digesting substances with enzymes |
| Cell Membrane | Responsible for surrounding cell and controlling movement |
| Vesicle | Responsible for carrying proteins and lipids from Golgi Apparatus to outside and other organelles |
| Chloroplast | Responsible for using suns energy, water, and carbon dioxide to create sugar and oxygen in plant cells |
| Cytoskeleton | Responsible for move structures within a cell |
| Mitochondria | Responsible for creating energy for the cell |
| Free Ribosomes | Responsible for creating proteins |
| Golgi Apparatus | Responsible for modifying and sorting proteins and lipids |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Responsible for creating lipids and proteins |
| Organelles | Very small organs or structures that make up cells |
| Cells | The smallest unit to make up life |
| Spinals | In charge of dividing DNA during Mitosis and Meiosis by using fibers to separate chromosomes |
| Mitosis | The process in which a cell is copied and split into 2 Daughter Cells that are exactly the same |
| Meiosis | The process in which a cell is split into 4 daughter cells that have different DNA |
| Allele | one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that are found at the same place on a chromosome. (example: Brown vs Blue Eyes) |
| Genotype | the genetic make-up of an organism |
| Phenotype | the physical make-up of an organism |
| Dominant allele | allele that will be expressed as a trait if it is present |
| Recessive allele | allele which is masked/hidden/covered up by the dominant allele |
| punnett square | A diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment |
Created by:
Tmohondro
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