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bio 9.1 9.2 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell cycle | process of cellular reproduction, occurring in three main stages - interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis |
| interphase | stage during which the cell grows, carries out cellular functions, and replicates, or makes exact copies of its DNA in preparation for the next step of the cycle |
| mitosis | the stage of cell cycle in which the cell's nucleus and nuclear material divide |
| cytokinesis | the method by which a cell's cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell |
| chromosomes | the structures that contain the genetic material that is passed from generation to generation of cells |
| chromatin | the relaxed form of DNA in the cell's nucleus |
| prophase | the first stage of mitosis in which the cell's chromatin condenses into chromosomes |
| sister chromatids | structures that contain identical copies of DNA |
| centromere | structure at the center of the chromosome where the sister chromatids are attached |
| spindle apparatus | the whole structure of spindle fibers, centrioles, and aster fibers that moves and organizes chromosomes before cell division |
| metaphase | second stage of mitosis where the sister chromatids are pulled by motor proteins along the spindle apparatus toward the center of the cell and line up in the middle of the cell |
| anaphase | the third stage of mitosis where the microtubules of the spindle apparatus begin to shorten |
| telophase | last stage of mitosis in which the chromosomes arrive at the poles of the cell and relax, or condense |