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Natalia Bernal, B4

Biology I Plant vocab

TermDefinition
Vascular plants Plant has veins to transport water and nutrients.
Non-vascular plants Plant does not have veins to transport water and nutrients.
Cuticle A protecting film covering the epidermis of leaves
Plant embryo A plant in the early stages of development: in higher plants, the plumule, cotyledons, and radicle within the seed.
Stomata Permit the absorption of carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis from the air, as well as the removal of oxygen.
Root cap A section of tissue at the tip of a plant root.
Cambium The tissue that allows the plant to get wider.
Xylem Carries water and nutrients up the stem to all parts of plant.
Phloem Carries food for the plant.
Bulbs Underground food storage - stores food over the winter and provides a new plant with food until it can make its own. Have thick fleshy ‘layers’.
Fibrous root Roots that branch out from stem and get water from the surface of the earth. Usually found in monocots.
Tap root One main root that grows downward with smaller roots branching out. Get water form deep in the water. Usually found in dicots.
Tubers Underground food storage - stores food over the winter and provides a new plant with food until it can make its own.
Herbaceous stem soft, green - usually found on flowering plants
Woody stem strong, inflexible - usually found in trees and bushes
Guard cell Open and close the stomata.
Palisade layer Contains chloroplasts, which is where photosynthesis takes place
Seed coat The protective outer coat of a seed.
Epidermis “Skin” of leaf - responsible for gas exchange
Spongy layer Between the palisade layer and lower epidermis; it contains vascular tissue and has air spaces for gases to pass through
Cotyedon an embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants, one or more of which are the first leaves to appear from a germinating seed.
Angiosperm a plant that has flowers and produces seeds enclosed within a carpel. The angiosperms are a large group and include herbaceous plants, shrubs, grasses, and most trees.
Gymnosperm a plant that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit.
Stigma The part of the pistil where pollen germinates.
Style A long, slender stalk that connects the stigma and the ovary.
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