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PCS Liv Env
Chapter 7 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Active Transport | the cell uses energy to move molecules against the flow of diffusion (low to high concentration) |
Cell | basic unit of structure and function in living things |
Cell Membrane | thin flexible barrier around the cell; selectively permeable |
Cell Wall | rigid layer around the cell membrane; provides support and protection for the cell; only found in plant cells |
Chloroplast | uses energy from sunlight to make food molecules |
Chromatin | granular material visible within the nucleus |
Cytoplasm | watery material around organelles; most reactions occur here |
Cytoskeleton | maintains cell shape with a network of protein filaments |
Diffusion | process by which molecules of a substance move form areas of high concentration to low concentration; does not require energy; molecules spread evenly (Hint: open a perfume bottle and the smell will eventually fill room) |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | assembles components of the cell membrane and modifies some proteins |
Eukaryote | organism whose cells contain a nucleus (Hint: you) |
Golgi Bodies (Golgi Apparatus) | attaches carbohydrates and lipids to proteins using enzymes |
Mitochondria | uses energy from food to make high energy compounds; the cell's powerhouse; cell's respiration |
Nucleus | controls most cell processes and contains DNA; brain of cell |
Organelle | specialized structures within a cell that perform important cell functions |
Osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane; must have membrane (Hint: cell placed in fresh water will absorb water until it becomes swollen and may burst; cell placed in salt water will shrink - Salt Sucks!) |
Phagocytosis | process by which extensions of cytoplasm engulf large particles |
Receptor Molecules | receive appropriate cells and trigger some sort of response by the cell (fit together like a puzzle piece) |
Ribosome | make protein (Hint: ribs have some - meat ribs are protein) |
Vacuole | sac life structures for storage of water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates |