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Bio final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organismal | explores the morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations that allow individual organisms to live successfully in a particular area |
| population | group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area |
| community | species that interact with one another within a particular area |
| ecosystem | consists of all the organisms in a particular region, along with nonliving or abiotic components |
| global | encompassed by the biosphere, the thin zone surrounding the earth where all the life exists |
| conservation biology | effort to study, pressure, and restore threatened population, communities and ecosystems |
| biogeography | study of how organisms are distributed geographically |
| biotic factors | interactions with other organisms, competition, reproductive requirements, parasitism |
| abiotic factors | weather, temperature, moiture, seasons-sunlight, wind |
| Tropical Wet Forest | favorable year-round growing conditions very abundant plant growth, leading to high above ground biomass |
| subtropical dessert | high average annual temperatures, very low precipitation species adapt to extreme temperature, slow growing rate |
| Temperate grasslands | to dry to enable tree growth or encroaching trees are burned by fires, plant growth: spring, summer, and fall months |
| temperate forest | monthly temperature all below freezing and plant growth stops, precipitation is moderately high and constant |
| Boreal Forest | Subartic lands south of Arctic Circle, very cold winters, short cool summers Species-long-lived |
| Arctic Tundra | arctic regions and sold are perenially frozen (permafrost) growing season: 10-12, dominated by small woody shrubs, lichens, and herbaceous plants, low productivity |
| Anthropogenic Biome | Farming, logging and urban development |
| lakes and ponds | driven by wind and changes in temperature, cyanobacteria, and algae |
| Wetlands | shallow-water habitats where soil is saturated with water for at least part of the year. |
| Bogs | low nonexistent water flow, acidic ad nonproductive |
| Streams | movec constantly in one direction; Creeks- small streams, rivers are large |
| Estuaries | where rive meets the ocean and fresh water mixes with salt water -saline marshes - species cope with variations in salinity |
| oceans | continuous body of salt water |
| Photic | intertidial of sunlit regions of the neritic, oceanic and benthic zones |
| Aphotic | areas that do not receive sunlight |
| Interidal zone | beach |
| Neritic zone | gently sloping, submerged portion of continental shelf |
| Oceanic zone | deep water region |
| Benthic Zone | bottom of the ocean |
| Which zones are the most productive? | Interitidial and Neritic |
| Which one corresponds to the deep open ocean? | Benthic Zone |
| Metapopulation | population of populations connected by migration |
| How does it affect the population dynamics? | more species are being forced into a metapopulation structure |
| How demographic changes? | populations grow due to birth and immigration populations decline due to death and emigration |
| survivorship | portion of offspring produced that survive on average to a particular age |
| Type 1 curve | high survivorship, mot approach a max life span (humans) |
| Type 2 curve | most experience constant survivorship (songbirds) |
| Type 3 curve | high death rates, early life (plants) |
| Fecundity | number of female offspring produced by each female in population |
| trade-off fecundity | grow quickly, reach sexual maturity at a young age, produce small eggs and seeds |
| what factors affect the population cycles? | density-independence and density dependent factor |
| Zero population growth | is a condition of demographic balance where the number of people in a specified population neither grows nor declines, considered as a social aim by some |
| biodiversity | tree of life |
| what are the two factors that affect biodiversity? | speciation, extinction |
| 3 types of diversity | genetic diversity species diversity ecosystem diversity |
| where is biodiversity the highest? | Tropical Rain Forest |
| What are endemic species? | species that are found in a particular area and nowhere else. |
| What is biodiversity hotspot | Regions that contain at least 1500 endemic plant species that are found in a particular area and nowhere else. |
| what are endangered species? | a species of animal or plant that is seriously at risk of extinction. |
| Habitat Fragmentation | breakup of large, contiguous ares of natural habitat into small, isolated pieces |
| overexploitation | Any unsustainable removal or wildlife from the natural environment of use by humans |
| invasive species | nonnative species that is introduced to a new area |
| Resistance | measure of how much a community is affected by a disturbance |
| Resilience | measure of how quickly a community recovers following a disturbance |
| benefits of biodiversity | resource use efficiency facilitation camping effects |
| How can we achieve conservation | sustainability management plans seed banks conservation wildlife corridors |
Created by:
BrookeMcCullen
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