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Nervous System Vocab

TermDefinition
neuron individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate, and transmit information
axon the long, narrow process that projects from the cell body
dendrite the bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body
synapse The gaps between adjacent neurons across which chemical signals are transmitted.
neurotransmitter Neurotransmitters molecules that are released from active neurons and influence the activity of other cells
sensory neuron transmit information from eyes and other sensors that detect external stimuli
motor neuron neurons that transmit signals to muscle cells
interneurons that form the local circuits connecting neurons in the brain
central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord
peripheral nervous system the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord
membrane potential voltage across a membrane. ranges from -50 to -200 millivolts. inside of cell negative compared to the outside
action potential action potential a massive change in membrane voltage
synaptic cleft the small gap between the neurons
Created by: taylor.emily
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