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Bio Ch 35
Plant Structure, Growth and Development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| You are studying a plant from the arid southwestern United States. Which of the following adaptations is least likely to have evolved in response to water shortages? | Development of large leaf surfaces to absorb water |
| Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil? | root hairs |
| An evolutionary adaption that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest is.... | apical dominance |
| A person working with plants may remove apical dominance by... | pruning |
| Land plants are not composed of what tissue? | mesodermal tissues. |
| Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except | cambium cells |
| What functional plant cells lack a nucleus? | xylem and sieve-tube cells |
| Long, thin tapered cells with lignified cell walls that function in support and permit water to flow through pits | sclerenchyma |
| Living cells that lack nuclei and ribosomes: they transport sugars and other organic nutrients | sieve cells |
| The least specialized plant cells, which serve general metabolic, synthetic, and storage functions | Parenchyma |
| Cells with unevenly thickened primary walls hat support still-elongating parts of the plant | Collenchyma |
| Mature cells without protoplasts with thick, lignified secondary walls that may not function in transport | Sclerenchyma |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of parenchyma cells? | Have secondary thickenings |
| Which of the following tissues is incorrectly matched with its characteristics? | collenchyma- uniformly thick-walled supportive tissues |
| The fiber cells of plants are a type of | sclerenchyma |
| The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder root is called | stele |
| One important difference between the anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that.. | a waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent in roots |
| the photosynthetic cells in the interior of a leaf are what kind of cells: | parenchyma |
| A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What types of cells are these? | Parenchyma |
| Which of the following is true about secondary growth in plants? | Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium |
| A friend has discovered a new plant and brings it to you to classify. h eplant has the following characteristics a taproot system with growth rings evident in cross section and a layer of bark around the outside. It is? | Woody eudicot |
| Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to.. | cell elongation localized in each internod |
| Axillary buds develop from | meristematic cells left by the apical meristem |
| Gas exchange, necessary for photosynthesis, can occur most easily in which leaf tissue? | spongy mesophyll |
| What is the correct sequence from the growing tips of the root upward? | root cap, apical meristem, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, and zone of maturation |
| Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its structure and function? | Pericycle- waterproof ring of cells surrounding the stele in roots |
| Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots? | Pericycle |
| Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called: | stomata |
| Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants | some plants secondary growth |
| Which of the following cell types are correctly matched with their functions except... | companion cell-formation of secondary xylem and phloem |
| What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree? | secondary xylem |
| The vasclar system of a three-year-old eudicot stem consists of | 3 rings of the xylem and 1 rings of the phloem |
| Which of the following is true of bark? | It is composed of phloem plus periderm. |
| Suppose Geroge completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. Plant lived for several weeks but then died. What tissue was left? | xylem |
| Additional vascular tissue produced as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells? | vascular cambium |
| Before differentiation can begin during the process of plant cell and tissue culture, parenchyma cells from the source tissue must | undergo differentiation |
| In leaves, chloroplasts are found in | palisade mesophyll |
| ------- provides cells for secondary growth. | Vascular cambium |
| Secondary grrowth never occurs in | leaves |
| How is he supply of vascular cambium maintained? | Through the division of cells |
| Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue? | companion cell-ground tissue |
| Wood consists of | secondary xylem. |
| Which of the following is not part of an older tree's bark? | secondary xylem |
| Which of the following arises from meristematic activity | Secondary xyelm, leaves, trichomes, and tubers (all of the above) |
| ------ is to xylem as ---- is to phloem. | vessel element; sieve-tube member. |
| The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is due primarily to: | elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem. |
| ------ provides cells for primary growth | apical meristems |
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kccroy
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