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Unit 9B
Competition/Environmental Changes 8th Grade
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ecosystem | a system composed of all the biotic and abiotic factors in an area and all the interactions among them (Great Plains grasslands) |
| abiotic factors | factors that are neither living nor produced by living things |
| biotic factors | factors that are living or produced by living things |
| intraspecies competition | more than one individual in an ecosystem relies upon the same limited resources (several squirrels in one pecan tree) |
| interspecies competition | more than one population in an ecosystem relies upon the same limited resources (squirrels and birds in the same tree) |
| biome | a large region of the world that has similar organisms, which are adapted to the terrain and climate of that region (grassland) |
| long-term environmental change | environmental change that occurs slowly over time and affects organisms over generations (temperature change) |
| short-term environmental change | an environmental change that happens quickly but does not last a long time (storm) |
| extinct | the permanent disappearance of a species from Earth |
| adaptation | a process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment by increasing the frequencies of gene alleles that provide benefits to survival and reproduction |
| pollutants | harmful substances that contaminate a natural environment |
| climate | average weather conditions for a large region over many years |
| behavioral adaptation | responses made by an organism that help it to survive/reproduce (nesting behaviors) |
| physiological adaptation | a body process that helps an organism to survive/reproduce (e.g. hibernation) |
| structural adaptation | a feature of an organism’s body that helps it to survive/reproduce |
| competition | more than one individual or population in an ecosystem relies upon the same limited resources |
| weather | the condition of the atmosphere at a specific place and time |
| volcano | an environmental change that has both short-term and long-term effects |
| natural disaster | an event caused by nature that has a detrimental (harmful) effect on ecosystems/habitats |
| habitat | the place in the ecosystem where a species needs to live (birds make nests in trees) |
| niche | the role or job of a species within its ecosystem |
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LMS 8 Sci
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