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chapter 8 vocab
genes and chromosomes
Question | Answer |
---|---|
nucleotides | The small units that make up DNA. |
Double Helix | Two strands of DNA wind around each other like a twisted latter. |
base Pairing Rules | T always pairs with A and C always pairs with G |
replication | The process in which DNA is copied. |
DNA Polymerases | they bond the new nucleotides together. |
Central dogma | States that information flows in one direction |
RNA | A chain of nucleotides, each made of sugar. |
transcription | the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of DNA |
RNA Polymerases | enzymes that bond nucleotides together. |
messenger RNA | an intermediate message that is translated to form protein. |
Ribosomal RNA | forms part of ribosomes. |
transfer RNA | brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome. |
translation | the process that converts an mRNA message into a polypeptide. |
stop codons | signal thee end of the amino acid chain. |
start codon | signals to start of translation. |
anticodon | a set of three nucleotides that is complementary to an mRNA codon. |
cells | basic unit of life. |