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DNA & GENES
Term | Definition |
---|---|
nucleotides | The small units, monomers, that make up DNA |
Double Helix | Models in the two strands of DNA that twist around each other in the form of a ladder |
Base Pairing rules | Bases of the two DNA strands always pair up in the same way |
Replication | DNA is copied during the cell cycle |
DNA Polymerases | A group of enzymes |
Central Dogma | Information that flows in one direction , from DNA to RNA to proteins |
RNA | A chain of nucleotides, each made of sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen containing base |
Transcription | The process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA |
RNA Polymerases | Enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule |
Messenger RNA | An intermediate message that is translated to form a protein |
Ribosomal RNA | Forms a part of ribosomes, a cell protien factories |
Transfer RNA | Brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein |
Translation | The process that converts , translates, an mRNA message into a polypeptide |
Codon | Is a three nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid |
Stop codon | Signal to end of the amino acid chain |
Start Chain | Signals the start of translation and the amino acid methionine |
Anticodon | A set of three nucleotides that is complementary to an mRNA codon |