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Chapter 8 vocab

gene's and DNA

TermDefinition
Nucleotides the small units, or monomers, that make up DNA
Double Helix model, in which two strands of DNA wind around each other like a twisted ladder.
Base Pairing Rules thymine always pairs with adenine, and cytosine always pairs with guanine.
Replication process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle.
DNA Polymerases group of enzymes that bond the new nucleotides together.
Central Dogma theory that states that, in cells, information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins.
RNA nucleic acid molecule that allows for the transmission of genetic information and protein synthesis.
Transcription the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of DNA.
RNA Polymerases enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is an intermediate message that is translated to form a protein.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms part of ribosomes, a cell's protein factories.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein.
Translation the process that converts, or translates, an mRNA message into a polypeptide.
Codon is a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for amino acid.
Stop Codons signal the end of the amino acid chain.
Start Codon signals the start of translation and the amino acid methionine.
Anticodon set of three nucleotides that is complementary to an mRNA codon.
Created by: bennekai9905
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