click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
CH.8 Vocab
DNA nd Genes
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Nucleotide | Small units that make up DNA |
Double Helix | two strands of DNA wind around each other like a twist ladder |
Base Pairing Rules | Thymine always pairs with Adenine and Cytosine always pairs with Guanine |
Replecation | The process by which DNA is copied during the cell cylce |
DNA polymeraes | Bonds the new nucleotides together |
Central Dogma | A theory that states that information flows in one direction, From DNA to RNA to proteins |
RNA | A chain of nucleotides, each made of sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. |
Transcription | Process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA |
RNA polymerase | enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule |
Messenger RNA | An intermediate message that is translated to form a protein |
Ribosomal RNA | Forms part of Ribosomes, a cells protein factories |
Transfer RNA | Brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome |
Translation | The process that converts an mRNA message into a polypeptide |
Stop Codons | Signals the end of the amino acid chains |
Start Codon | Signals the start of an amino acid chain |
Anticodon | A set of three nucleotides that is complementary to and mRNA codon |
Cells | Basic Unit of life |