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Cell Cycle Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
interphase | first stage of cell cycle, during which a cell grows, matures, and replicates its DNA |
homologous chromosome | chromosomes that have the same length appearance, and copies of genes, although the alleles may differ |
gamete | a haploid sex cell, formed during meiosis, that can combine with another haploid sex cell and produce a diploid fertilized cell |
zygote | fertilized egg formed when a sperm cell penetrates an egg |
mitosis | second main stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's replicated DNA divides and two genetically identical diploid daughter cells are produced |
meiosis | form of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells; important in forming gametes for sexual reproduction |
haploid | cell that has only one copy of each chromosome |
diploid | cell that has two copies of each chromosome, one from an egg and one from a sperm |
asexual reproduction | process by which offspring are produced from a single parent; does not involve the joining of gametes |
sexual reproduction | process by which two gametes fuse and offspring that are a genetic mixture of both parents are produced |
somatic cells | cell that makes up all of the body tissues and organs, except gametes |
germ cells | cells in your reproductive organs, ovaries or testes, that develop into gametes |