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Cell Cycle Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| interphase | first stage of cell cycle, during which a cell grows, matures, and replicates its DNA |
| homologous chromosome | chromosomes that have the same length appearance, and copies of genes, although the alleles may differ |
| gamete | a haploid sex cell, formed during meiosis, that can combine with another haploid sex cell and produce a diploid fertilized cell |
| zygote | fertilized egg formed when a sperm cell penetrates an egg |
| mitosis | second main stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's replicated DNA divides and two genetically identical diploid daughter cells are produced |
| meiosis | form of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells; important in forming gametes for sexual reproduction |
| haploid | cell that has only one copy of each chromosome |
| diploid | cell that has two copies of each chromosome, one from an egg and one from a sperm |
| asexual reproduction | process by which offspring are produced from a single parent; does not involve the joining of gametes |
| sexual reproduction | process by which two gametes fuse and offspring that are a genetic mixture of both parents are produced |
| somatic cells | cell that makes up all of the body tissues and organs, except gametes |
| germ cells | cells in your reproductive organs, ovaries or testes, that develop into gametes |