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Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | The study of interactions between living things and their environment |
| Biosphere | The part of the planet containing living organisms |
| Ecosystem | A group of clearly distinguished organisms that interact with their environment |
| Habitat | The place where a plant or animal lives |
| Population | All the members of the same species living in an area |
| Community | All the different populations in an area |
| Abiotic Factors | Non-living factors eg. Aspect, Altitude, Steepness |
| Biotic Factors | Living factors eg. predation, parasitism, competition |
| Climatic Factors | Refer to weather over a period of time eg, wind, light intensity, temperature |
| Edaphic Factors | Refer to soil eg. soil pH, soil type, soil content |
| Producers | Organisms that make their own food using photosynthesis |
| Consumers | Organisms that get their food from other organisms |
| Grazing Food Chain | A sequence of organisms in which each organism is eaten by the one after it eg. grass<greenfly<ladybird<thrush |
| Trophic Level | A feeding stage in a food chain |
| Food Web | Two or more interlinked food chains |
| Pyramid of Numbers | The number of organisms at each trophic level |
| Niche | The role of an organism in its community |
| Nutrient Recycling | The way in which elements such as carbon or nitrogen are exchanged between living and non living components of an ecosystem |
| Nitrogen Fixation | The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, ammonium and nitrates |
| Nitrification | The conversion of ammonia and amonnium to nitrites and then to nitrates |
| Denitrification | The conversion of nitrates back to atmospheric nitrogen |
| Pollution | Any harmful addition to the environment |
| Pollutant | A substance that causes pollution |
| Conservation | The wise management of natural resources |
| Eutrophication | The adding of nutrients to fresh water |
| Competition | When organisms fight for something in short supply |
| Intra-specific Competition | Between members of the same species |
| Inter-specific Competition | Between members of different species |
| Contest Competition | Two organisms fight for something in short supply and one wins |
| Scramble Competition | Two or more organisms fight for something in short supply and each get something |
| Predation | The catching, killing and eating of an organism |
| Predator | An organism that catches, kills and eats its prey |
| Prey | The organism that is eaten by the predator |
| Parasitism | When two organisms of different species live in close association where one gets its food from the other to the others disadvantage |
| Parasite | Gets its food from and to the disadvantage of another organism, the host |
| Host | The organism the parasite feeds on |
| Symbiosis | Two organisms of different species living in close association where one gets its food from the other and at least one benefits |
| Mutualism | Two organisms of different species living in close association where one gets its food from the other and both benefit |
| Factors that Affect Population | War, Famine, Disease |
| Capture-recapture Method | No.caught 1st day x No.caught 2nd day _________________________________ No. marked 2nd day |
Created by:
klonican33
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