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7.AUD-Outer Ear

Audiology SLP314

TermDefinition
Parts of the outer ear (3) 1. Pinna (Auricle) 2. External auditory canal (meatus) 3. Tympanic membrane
Function of the pinna No difference in hearing based on size. Front-to-back localization.
Composition of pinna (3) Cartilage covered with skin: HELIX (outer ridge). CONCHA (bowl-like depression/funnel- 5kHz resonant freq). TRAGUS (flap).
External auditory canal (EC): features and function Tunnel from concha to TM (2.5cm / 1"). S-curve. Horizontal in children; upward angle in adults. Protects TM and ME.
Sections of ear canal 1. Cartilaginous portion (outer 2/3 - moves w/jaw - hairs, glands, cerumen) 2. Bony portion (inner 1/3 - inflexible - no hair, glands
Parts of the tympanic membrane (TM) 1. outer layer (skin same as EC). 2. medial layer (fibrous, vibrating tissue) 3. inner-mucous membrane (same as ME). 4. Annular ligament 5. Pars tensa (vibrating portion). 6. Pars flaccida (loose portion of outer and middle layers. pressure release.
Cone of light Umbo of malleus attached to center of TM (fibrous layer). Pulls TM inward slightly. Characteristic of healthy TM (smooth, translucent, pearl-gray).
Function of TM Transfers vibration from EC identically to ME (via malleus)
Disorders of outer ear (7) Anotia, Microtia/atresia. Ear canal stenosis. Foreign body. External otitis. Impacted cerumen. TM perforation.
Anotia Absence of pinna.
Microtia "Little ear". Small, deformed pinna. No hearing loss.
Atresia Ear canal fails to form. No opening. Often occurs together with microtia, but may occur with normal pinna too . Flat 40-60dB hearing loss. Surgical reconstruction or bone conduction aids.
Stenosis Narrowing of ear canal. Widen surgically.
Foreign body May require surgical removal if embedded (skin growth).
External otitis "Swimmer's ear". Infection of ear canal skin. Antibiotics.
TM perforation Trauma, pointed object, intense sound, diving, ME disease. Hearing loss depending on size. Surgical repair (myringoplasty, graft) or spontaneous healing.
Created by: ashea01
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