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chapter 8 vocab
biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nucleotides | small units or monomers that make up DNA |
| Double helix | two strands of DNA wind around each other |
| Base paring rules | T=A C=G |
| Replication | DNA is copied during the cell cycle |
| DNA polymerases | a group of enzymes. |
| Central dogma | molecular biology |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid, a chain of nucleotides |
| Transcription | the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA. |
| RNA polymerases | enzymes that bond nucleotides together is a chain to make a new RNA molecule |
| Messenger RNA | an intermediate message that is translated to form a protein |
| Ribosomal RNA | forms part of ribosomes, a cell’s protein factories |
| Transfers RNA | brigs amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein |
| Translation | the process that converts, or translated, an mRNA message into a polypeptide |
| Codon | a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid |
| Stop Codons | signal the end of the amino acid chain |
| Start Codons | signals the start of translation and the amino acid methionine |
| Anticodon | a set of three nucleotides that is a complementary to an mRNA codon. |
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