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chapter 8 vocab

biology

TermDefinition
nucleotides the monomers that make up DNA
double helix two strands of DNA wound around each other like a twisted ladder
base pairing rules A with T. C with G
replication the process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle
DNA polymerases a group of enzymes that bond new nucleotides together
central dogma states information flows in one direction, from DNA to RNA to proteins
RNA ribonucleic acid
transcription the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA
RNA polymerases enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule
messenger RNA (mRNA) an intermediate message that is translated to form a protein
ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms part of ribosomes, a cell's factories
transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the grouping protein
translation the process that translates an mRNA message into a polypeptide
codon a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for an amino acid
stop codon signal the end of the amino acid chain
start codon signal the start of translation and the amino acid methionine
anticodon a set of three nucleotides that is complementary to a mRNA codon
Created by: staggjes5548
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