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CP Cell Division

cell division chapter 8

QuestionAnswer
chromosome DNA wrapped around histone proteins
histone protein in which DNA wraps itself around within the nucleus
chromatid half of a chromosome
centromere the point in which chromatids attach
chromatin less tightly coiled DNA-protein complex
sex chromosome X or Y chromosome- determines gender
autosome a chromosome other than a sex chromosome
homologous chromosomes chromosomes that are the same size and have the same genes
karotype picture of a person chromosomes
diploid a full set of chromosomes- 46 in humans (somatic cells)
2n diploid
haploid half a set of chromosomes- 23 in humans (sex cells)
somatic cells body cells- any cell other than sex cells
binary fission asexual reproduction that bacteria perform
mitosis cell division- PMAT
gamete sex cell
interphase G1, S, G2 - cells spend most of their time in this phase
cytokinesis division of cytoplasm
prophase chromatin condenses into chromosomes
spindle fiber fibers that pull chromosomes across the cell
metaphase chromosomes meet in the middle
anaphase chromosomes get pulled apart
telophase two cells (two nuclei) result
cell plate the plate that separates two PLANT cells at the end of telophase
cleavage furrow the indentation that happens when two ANIMAL cells go through cytokinesis
checkpoints signals that trigger the cell to advance through the cell cycle
crossing over process that occurs of prophase 1 of meiosis that increases genetic diversity
spermatogenesis meiosis of a germline cell that creates 4 sperm cells in men
oogenesis meiosis of a germline cell that creates 1 egg cell and 3 polar bodies in women
sexual reproduction require two parents, egg and sperm
mitosis 1 diploid cell makes 2 diploid cells that are identical
meiosis 1 diploid cell makes 4 haploid cells that are all unique
Created by: ruth.baker
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