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Chapter 8 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Platelets are helpful in ________. | clotting the blood |
| which of the following body parts is about the size of a human fist? | the heart |
| Which blood vessels carry blood to the heart? | veins |
| What is the principal function of digestive enzymes? | breaking down food |
| Almost half of our blood consists of _______ | red blood cells |
| circulatory system | blood vessels |
| respiratory system | the lungs |
| excretory system | the kidneys |
| nervous system | the spinal cord |
| digestive system | the small intestine |
| endocrine system | glands |
| skeletal system | bones |
| muscular system | biceps and triceps |
| The central nervous system has two main parts, the brain and the ______. | spinal cord |
| The ______ carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands. | motor neurons |
| Bones come together at ______. | joints |
| The brain picks up many different messages from the _____ organs | sense |
| The brain sends messages to other parts of the body through the _____ cells. | nerve |
| peristalsis | Smooth muscles in the esophagus contract, or squeeze together, to push food toward the stomach. |
| Mechanical digestion | the mechanical action to make food pieces smaller |
| chyme | liquid food in the stomach |
| Arteries | carry oxygen rich blood to the blood |
| veins | carry carbon dioxide rich blood to the heart |
| perspiration | liquid waste made of heat, water, and salt released through the skin |
| peripheral nervous system | the nerves in the body that carry messages |
| brain stem | controls automatic systems in your body |
| automatic systems in your bosy | heart rate, gland secretions, digestion, respiration, circulation |
| What are some reflex actions? | Sneezing, coughing, and blinking |
| What does the pupil do when you go into a dark room? | It gets bigger to let more light in. |
| Why can't you smell when your nose is plugged? | Holding your nose stops air from reaching the receptor cells in your nose. As a result the brain doesn't receive impulses from the nose, and you lose much of your sense of taste. |
| Why do your adrenal glands release adrenaline? | gives the body strength and speed |