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Exam 2 Bio 2
Chapter 40
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is anatomy | animal structure |
| what is physiology | animal body functions |
| amount of exchange required depends on _____ (need high membrane SA to cell volume ratio) | cell volume |
| cell volume in an animal needs to have _____(high/low) membrane surface area to cell _____ ratio | high,volume |
| The larger/ thicker the animal, the lower the _____ to volume ratio | surface area |
| tissues form > _____ which form> organ systems | organs |
| epithelial tissue covers the _____(inside/ outside) surfaces of the body or organs and ______ | outside,cavities |
| I am a football shaped 1 cell layer thick kind of cell that can be found lining blood vessels and air sacs and on the outer edge of thin skins as well | simple squamous |
| I am a thicker cube-shaped cell that specializes for secretion and I line many ducts | simple cuboidal |
| I am a tall column-shaped cell that specializes for secretion and absorptions and I can be found on many intestinal linings | simple columnal |
| I am a type of cell that has multiple cell layers which regenerate from basal membrane and is found where abrasion is common | stratified squamous |
| fibroblasts secrete ____ into matrix | fibers |
| connective tissues are cells that are packed loosely together in an ______ matrix | extracellular |
| Collagenous fibers add ______ and flexibility | strength |
| _____ fibers connect one tissue to another they are the puzzel peices | Reticular |
| how is bone is produced..... | osteoblasts lay down a network of collagen fibers |
| Bone is laid down in a series of rings called _____ each with its own blood vessels and nerves | osteons |
| what does adipose tissue store | fats |
| I am a tough but flexible structure that makes up many skeletal components and I am created when collagenous fibers are deposited into a proteinaceous matrix | cartilage |
| A liquid extracellular matrix called ____ | plasma |
| Muscle Tissue are made up of _____ cells and are responsible for movement of the body | contratile |
| skeletal muscles are attached to bones and ____ | tendons |
| skeletal muscles are responsible for ..... | voluntary movement |
| cardiac muscles form the _____ tissue of the vertebrate heart | contracting |
| muscle fibers connect to each other via ______ | intercalculated disks |
| nervous tissue responsible for ____ and _____ information | receiving,transmitting |
| nerve cells are ... | neurons |
| supporting cells in the nervous system are called.... | neuroglia |
| the endocrine system is responsible for the production of ____ | hormones |
| where are hormones released to ? | bloodstream |
| what is homeostasis? | stable, livable chemical conditions |
| negative feedback systems result in an action that _____ eventually | shuts off |
| Other animal actions depend on ______the result of action stimulates more action | positive feedback systems |
| _____ is the emission of heat by all objects with any temperature | radiation |
| _____ is the direct transfer of heat between two touching, solid objects | conduction |
| _____ is the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) | convection |
| ____ is the loss of heat from a liquid that is turning to gas | evaporation |
| shivering increases amount of heat produced by the ____ | metabolism |
| Non-shivering thermogenesis occurs when tissues activate ____ to produce heat instead of ATP | mitochondria |
| Animals have varying energy budgets because animals have varying ______ rates | metabolic |
| Larger bodies require more ____ of energy | calories |
| torpor is short-term drop in _______/_______ temperature to conserve energy | metabolism,body |
| hibernation is a long-term “escape” from energy pressures during a season with low energy availability so the ____ rates of these animals drop tremendously | metabolic |
| Estavation is the process of _____ hibernation | summer |
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