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Biology 18&19 Vocab

Chapter 18 & 19 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Pathogen Agent that causes disease.
Viroid An infectious particle made of single-stranded RNA without a protein coat, that almost always uses plants as its host.
Prion An infectious agent that consists of a protein fragment that can cause other proteins to fold incorrectly.
Capsid The protein shell that surrounds a virus.
Bacteriophage A virus that infects bacteria.
Epidemic The rapid outbreak of a disease that affects many people.
Vaccine A substance that stimulates an immune response, producing acquired immunity without illness or infection.
Obligate Anaerobe A prokaryote that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.
Obligate Aerobe A prokaryote that cannot survive without the presence of oxygen.
Facultative Aerobe An organism that can live with or without oxygen.
Flagellum Whip-like structure outside of a cell that is used for movement.
Plasmid A circular piece of genetic material found in bacteria that can replicate separately from the DNA of the main chromosome.
Conjugation The process by which a prokaryote transfers part of its chromosome to another prokaryote.
Toxin A poison released by an organism.
Antibiotic A chemical that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.
Protist A eukaryote that is not an animal, plant, or fungus.
Protozoa An animal-like protist.
Pseudopod A temporary extension of cytoplasm and plasma membrane that helps protozoa move and feed.
Cilia Short, hair-like structures that cover some or all of the cell surface and help the organism swim and capture food.
Algae Photosynthetic, plant-like protists.
Modify To change somewhat the form or qualities of something.
Compile To gather together (materials from various sources) into one place.
Prove To establish the truth or genuineness of, as by evidence or argument.
Alternative A choice limited to one of two or more possibilities; a possible course.
Revise To amend or alter.
Created by: sydneyrs
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