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Ch 3 Cells +Heredity
Cells & Heredity Chapter 3 Study Cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Different physical characteristics are called ___________. | Traits |
| The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called ________________. | Heredity |
| The scientific study of heredity is called _________. | Genetics |
| A ______________ always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent. | Purebred |
| An organism that has two different alleles for a trait is called a ________________. | Hybrid |
| Factors that control traits are called _______. | Genes |
| The different forms of a gene are called __________. | Alleles |
| Individual __________ control the inheritance of traits. | Alleles |
| A ____________ allele is one whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present. | Dominant |
| A ____________ allele is masked or covered up when a dominant allele is present. | Recessive |
| A trait controlled by a recessive ________ will only show up if the organism does not have the dominant allele. | Allele |
| A trait will be controlled by a recessive allele if that organism has two _____________ alleles. | Recessive |
| According to the chromosome theory of inheritance, genes are carried from parents to their offspring on __________________. | Chromosomes |
| Meiosis is the process by which the number of _________ is reduced by half to form sex cells - sperm and eggs. | Chromosomes |
| During _________, the chromosome pairs separate and are distributed to two different cells. The resulting sex cells have only half as many chromosomes as the other cells in the organism. | Meiosis |
| The main function of genes is to control the production of _________ in the organism's cells. | Proteins |
| Proteins help to determine the size, shape, and many other _______ of an organism. | Traits |
| The order of the __________ bases along a gene forms a genetic code that specifies what type of protein will be produced. | Nitrogen |
| During ___________ synthesis, the cell uses information from a gene on a chromosome to produce a specific protein. | Protein |
| Gregor ____________ work was the foundation for understanding why offspring have traits similar to those of their parents. | Mendel's |
| Some ____________ are dominant and some are recessive. | Alleles |
| Protein synthesis takes place in the _________ of the cell. | Cytoplasm |
| Only sex cells can pass on their chromosomes to the __________. Body cells are not passed to offspring, they remain a part of the parent. | Offspring |
| Organisms inherit one allele from each ________. | Parent |
| Transfer RNA adds amino acids to the growing protein during protein ___________. | Synthesis |
| The nitrogen bases along a gene form a code that specifies the order in which _______ ______ will be put together to produce a protein. | Amino Acids |
| Messenger RNA copy coded messages from the DNA in the ______ and carry it into the cytoplasm. | Nucleus |
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slmk56
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