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Child Development U2
AR Child Development Unit 2: Pregnancy and Prenatal Development
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abstinence | refraining from sexual intercourse until marriage |
| Amniocentesis | a prenatal test using a sample of amniotic fluid to check for birth defects |
| Amniotic fluid | liquid that surrounds and protects the developing baby in the uterus during pregnancy |
| Birth defect | problem's babies are born with which threaten their health or ability to live |
| Cerebral palsy | problems of the motor system that can include lack of coordination, stiffness, jerkiness, difficulty with speech, and paralysis |
| Chromosomes | carry the genes that convey hereditary characteristics |
| Chronic villi sampling | a prenatal test for specific birth defects performed by sampling small amounts of the tissue from the membrane around the fetus |
| Cleft palate | a gap in the upper lip or palate that causes problems with eating, swallowing, speech and appearance |
| Conception | union of an ovum and sperm, resulting in the beginning of a pregnancy |
| Cystic fibrosis | affects the respiratory and digestive systems; many children die before reaching adulthood |
| Dominant genes | the genes that dictate the way a trait is expressed |
| Down syndrome | a group of problems that include mental retardation, problems of the heart, blood and digestive system and poor muscle tone |
| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) | a birth defect that occurs because a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy |
| Fertility | the ability to conceive a child |
| Genes | units that determine inherited characteristics |
| Genetic counseling | medical advice that tells a couple the options and risks of having genetic problems in their children |
| Hydrocephalus | an excess of fluid surrounds the brain, causing brain damage. See also "Spina Bifida" |
| Infertility | the inability to conceive a child |
| Maternity leave | time off from work that allows a mother to give birth, recover, and begin to care for a new baby |
| Miscarriage | the unexpected death of a developing baby before twenty weeks of pregnancy |
| Muscular dystrophy | there are different types that involve a progressive weakness and shrinking of the muscles; the most common form begins between the ages of two and six |
| Ovum | female sex cell, or egg, needed for reproduction |
| Paternity leave | time off from work that allows a father to care for a new baby |
| Period of embryo | the developing baby from the second until the eighth or ninth week of pregnancy |
| Period of fetus | the developing baby from the eighth or ninth week of pregnancy until birth |
| Period of zygote | the developing baby from conception until the second week of pregnancy |
| Phenylketonuria (PKU) | a condition in which the body is unable to process and use a specific protein; mental retardation can result |
| Placenta | a tissue in the uterus of a pregnant woman that brings food and oxygen from the mother's body to a developing baby |
| Pregnancy | the time of life from conception until birth |
| Prenatal | the time before the baby is born |
| Recessive genes | genes that are expressed as a trait only if paired with a matching recessive gene |
| Sickle cell anemia | malformed red blood cells that interfere with the supply of oxygen to all parts of the body which can lead to early death |
| Sperm | the male sex cell needed for reproduction |
| Spina bifida | an incompletely formed spinal cord may lead to stiff joints, difficulty moving the legs, partial paralysis and problems with the kidneys and urinary tract; seventy percent of children with spina bifida also have hydrocephalus |
| Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) | an illness spread from one person to another by sexual contact |
| Stillbirth | the unexpected death of a developing baby after twenty weeks of pregnancy |
| Tay-Sachs disease | lacking a certain chemical in the blood that makes children's bodies unable to process and use fats, which leads to severe brain damage and to death, usually by age four |
| Ultrasound | a prenatal test using sound waves to make a picture of the unborn child |
| Umbilical cord | tube that connects the placenta to the unborn child which nourishes it, gives it oxygen, and takes away wastes |
| Uterus | reproductive organ in a woman in which a baby develops |
Created by:
cherylhopkinsdavis
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