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unit 3
Biochemistry
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Atom | A single particle of and element; the building blocks of matter |
Molecule | A compound in which atoms are held together by covalent bonds |
Covalent Bond | Chemical bond formed by two atoms sharing electrons. |
Ionic Bond | Electrical attraction between oppositely charged atoms |
Reactant | The starting substances that goes into a reaction |
Product | The substances formed during a chemical reaction |
Activation Energy | The energy required to start a chemical reaction |
Catalyst | any substance that lowers the activation energy of a reaction |
Enzyme | proteins that act as biological catalysts to speed up reactions. |
Polar | Molecule with + and - ends due to uneven electron sharing |
Hydrogen bond | an electrical attraction between two oppositely charged atoms. |
Cohesion | water molecules attracted to each other due to hydrogen bonds |
Adhesion | water molecules form hydrogen bonds with different molecules |
Surface Tension | 'film' due to the cohesion between surface water molecules |
Acid | a liquid with pH less than 7 |
Base | a liquid with pH greater than 7 |
Carbohydrate | Macro-molecule that provides energy; sugars and starches |
Monosaccharide | The monomer of carbohydrate molecules |
Lipid | macro-molecule that insulates and stores long term; fats |
Fatty Acid | The monomer of lipid molecules |
Protein | macro-molecule that provides structure, and regulates cell functions. |
Amino Acids | The monomer of protein molecules |
Nucleic Acid | macro-molecule that carries genetic information |
Nucleotide | the monomer of nucleic acid molecules |