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Archaea vs Bacteria
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did they conclude that Archaea was different from bacteria? | Using DNA sequences, they found that archaea and bacteria were different. |
| What is the morphology like for Archaea and Bacteria? (forms and aggregations) | Their forms include: Cocci: Spherical shaped Bacilli: Rod shaped Sprial Their aggregations include: Diplo-: 2 in a chain Strepto-: +2 in a chain Staphylo-: group/cluster |
| What is the differences of nutrition between bacteria and archaea? | Only archaea has the metabolism of methanogenesis Creates methane gas as by product anaerobic live in digestive tracts of animals |
| What are the similarities of nutrition between bacteria and archaea? | Photosynthesize consumes other organisms Obtain energy from inorganic compounds (Fe, H2S) |
| What are the habitats of bacteria? | Bacteria are mesophiles live in environments with moderate conditions some extremophile bacteria though |
| What are the habitats of Archaea? | Archaea are extremophiles Live in extreme environments Thermophile: heat tolerant Acidophile: tolerates low pH levels Halophile: tolerates a lot of salt |
| How do bacteria and archaea reproduce? | They reproduce asexually by binary fission copies it's chromosome and divides into 2 Cell elongates separating the 2 chromosomes A septum forms between the 2 chromosomes Septum completes formation to create cell wall Cell separates |
| What is conjugation? | Exchanges some/all of their DNA allows for genetic variation binary fission occurs after conjugation May help survival |
| What are plasmids? | small loops of DNA w/genes separate from the chromosome Can split and/or rejoin chromosome can be transferred to other cells during conjugation Helps genetic variation |
| What are endospores? | Bacteria only hard-walled structures protecting the cell's genetic material resists harsh conditions formed in harsh conditions threatening survival when conditions are safe, endospore germinates into active bacterium |
| How are bacteria classified/identified? | Gram-Positive: Cell wall w/ thick protein layer Stains Purple Gram-negative: Cell wall w/ thin protein layer Stains pink |
| How are prokaryotes classified/identified? | size Shape nutrition DNA movement |
| How does bacteria impact us? | causes food poisoning causes infection breaks down organic materials for us to use Produces O2 w/ photosynthesis (cyanobacteria) |
| How does archaea impact us? | Enzymes in archaea help them withstand extreme conditions. uses the enzymes for DNA analysis and diagnosing diseases PCR (polymerase chain reaction) produces millions of copies of a DNA sequence Normal enzymes would be destroyed, not archaea |
Created by:
Jtboner
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